Analyzing and diagnosing the temperature of bearings is an important step to ensure the normal operation of equipment and prevent failures. The following is a detailed method for analyzing and diagnosing bearing temperature:
1. Normal range of bearing temperature
The normal temperature range of bearings varies with the heat capacity, heat dissipation efficiency, speed and load conditions of the machine. Usually, the bearing will experience a slow temperature rise process after startup and reach a stable state after about 1 to 2 hours. Some common motor temperature standards such as GB3215-82, JB/T5294-91, etc. stipulate the maximum temperature and temperature rise limit of bearings, but the specific values may vary depending on different standards and equipment.
2. Judgment of abnormal bearing temperature
Direct measurement: Use a special thermometer (such as SKF digital thermometer) to directly measure the bearing temperature, which is the most direct and accurate method.
Indirect inference: When direct measurement is not possible, the bearing temperature can be indirectly inferred by measuring the temperature outside the bearing chamber.
Comprehensive judgment: In addition to considering the absolute temperature value, it is also necessary to comprehensively judge the temperature difference between the bearing temperature and the surrounding components and the temperature distribution of the bearing itself. If the bearing temperature rises abnormally and the temperature difference with other components is significant, or the temperature distribution inside the bearing is uneven, it may be a sign of abnormal conditions.
3. Analysis of the causes of abnormal bearing temperature
The causes of abnormal bearing temperature may include:
Poor lubrication: such as insufficient lubrication or over-lubrication, the lubricating oil quality does not meet the requirements, deterioration or debris.
Insufficient cooling: such as pipeline blockage, inappropriate cooler selection, and poor cooling effect.
Bearing abnormality: such as bearing damage, poor bearing assembly process, and the clearance adjustment of various parts of the bearing box does not meet the requirements.
Overload operation: The equipment load is too large, causing the bearing to bear excessive pressure.
Environmental factors: such as excessively high ambient temperature, or heat sources around the equipment.
4. Diagnostic steps
Data collection: First collect bearing temperature data, including direct measurement values and indirect inference values.
Comparative analysis: Compare and analyze the collected data with the normal range to determine whether the bearing temperature is abnormal.
Cause investigation: If the bearing temperature is abnormal, investigate one by one according to possible reasons. Check the lubrication system, cooling system, bearing itself, and equipment load conditions, etc.
Take measures: Take appropriate measures to solve the problem according to the results of the investigation. Such as changing lubricating oil, cleaning the cooling system, replacing bearings or adjusting equipment loads, etc.
V. Precautions
Regular monitoring: Regular monitoring of bearing temperature is an important measure to prevent failures. A regular monitoring system should be established and professional tools should be used for monitoring.
Timely handling: Once the bearing temperature is found to be abnormally high, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection and appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the failure from expanding.
Professional training: Provide professional training for operators to improve their ability to identify and handle abnormal bearing temperature conditions.
Through the above steps and methods, the bearing temperature can be effectively analyzed and diagnosed to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and extend the service life of the bearing.